Policy Paper: Analysis and Recommendations on the Integration of Funding Governance for the Recovery of Victims of Crime

Law No. 12 of 2022 on Sexual Violence Crimes (Sexual Violence Crimes Law/UU TPKS), Law No. 20 of 2025 on the Criminal Procedure Code (KUHAP), and Law No. 3 of 2026 on the Protection of Witnesses and Victims (Witness and Victim Protection Law/UU PSdK) each introduce provisions concerning public funding mechanisms for the protection and recovery of victims of crime, including through the provision of restitution and compensation, as well as support for recovery services. Although all three laws regulate funding mechanisms for victim protection and recovery, they contain significant differences in their respective regulatory frameworks.

Systematically, the three frameworks establish a tiered relationship. The KUHAP Endowment Fund (Dana Abadi KUHAP) serves as the general framework for funding compensation, rehabilitation, restitution, and other forms of redress; the PSdK Law Special Allocation Fund (DAK UU PSdK) serves as a specific allocation used not only for the provision of compensation and restitution but also to fund victim recovery programs; while the TPKS Law Victim Recovery Fund (DBK UU TPKS) constitutes one of the mechanisms for specifically channeling benefits to victims of sexual violence crimes.

Therefore, the interaction and construction of these three regulatory frameworks require further examination and analysis in this policy paper to ensure effective governance, prevent overlapping authorities and the shifting of responsibilities between institutions, provide certainty regarding funding sources and their management, clarify the disbursement mechanisms across the three schemes, and establish institutional coordination and a clear division of roles and responsibilities concerning their management and utilization.